Which component is referred to as the main board that hosts the CPU and other essential chips?

The main board that hosts the CPU (Central Processing Unit) and other essential components of a computer is called the motherboard. It is a critical piece of hardware that establishes a communication bridge between the CPU, memory, storage devices, and other peripherals connected to the computer. The motherboard contains various slots and sockets for components such as RAM, graphics cards, and expansion cards, serving as the backbone of the system's architecture.

The term "motherboard" encapsulates the idea that it is the primary circuit board in a computer system, where other components are attached and integrated to function cohesively. The organization and layout of a motherboard dictate the potential upgrades or modifications that can be made to a computer, impacting overall performance.

The other options, such as "global board," "mother chip," and "control board," do not accurately describe the primary board that integrates and connects essential computer components. They either refer to incorrect terminologies or concepts that are not standard in computer architecture, which further emphasizes why the motherboard is the accepted term for this crucial component.